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IMO 2020 and its impact on sea freight transportation

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is taking initiatives to promote sustainability and reduce harmful sulphur gases emissions. While the new regulation to reduced maximum sulphur content (currently 3.5%) to 0.5% will be fully enforced on January 1, 2020, it is expected that the adjustment on bunker surcharge will come into effect already at the last quarter of 2019.

• Impact on shippers

With the new regulations to be fully enforced on January 1, 2020, carriers are getting prepared during the course of the year with some options available:

1. Switch to low-sulphur fuel
2. Use Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems which commonly known as a “scrubber” to clean up the sulphur oxide emitted from the vessel’s engine.
3. Change the fleet to Liquefied Natural Gas Ships that are powered by Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). LNG is considered as a cleaner fuel with less emission of greenhouse gases including sulphur oxide.

To ensure a smooth transition, carriers have to implement the above changes before January 1, 2020. Due to the investment in clean energy and cleaning systems, there will be an adjustment to the bunker surcharge formula which is expected to be effective from the last quarter of 2019.

• What is IMO 2020?

IMO is proactively taking steps to reduce marine pollution and minimize the vessels’ impact on global warming. Currently, most of the cargo ships use heavy fuel oil which is derived from crude oil and contains sulphur oxide. The gases can cause acid rain and trigger respiratory diseases. Therefore, the tolerant of sulphur oxide emissions has been tightened progressively throughout the past decade.

Also known as “IMO 2020 fuel sulphur regulation”, IMO 2020 is an initiative from the IMO which aims to reduce sulphur oxide emissions from ships.

By the deadline of January 1, 2020, all carriers will have to comply with the new regulation, which imposes a 0.5% global sulphur cap on fuel content and replaces the current limit of 3.5%.

If you have any questions regarding this topic, please feel free to reach out to your local DACHSER representative.

Sea Freight: Current situation in the USA

The existing bottlenecks in the US ocean freight market, which are lasting for quite some months already, will continue for a longer period. We would like to give you an overview of the current situation.

Port and rail congestion

Already for months, the USA is experiencing historical congestions in sea freight business. The reason for this ongoing situation is well known: COVID-19 impacts and a high volume demand creating bottlenecks at all major ports and terminals throughout the country. Port and rail operators are operating with reduced staff, which delays loading and unloading of vessels, increases dwell time and slows down transportation processes to the terminals. Ocean Carriers are also overwhelmed with the situation and struggle to provide the needed service and timely response. Ocean vessels are having several days of delay and we experience port omissions on a regular basis. Schedule integrity remains almost non-existent.

US trucking situation

Trucking companies suffered heavily at the beginning of COVID-19 and were forced to let go many of their drivers due to the drop of volume and demand. Then, the boom of freight and demand hit the US market and at this point, not enough drivers were available. The driver situation improved over the last months but the current trucking fleet does still not cover the strong demand. Truckers are overbooked for the next 3-5 weeks. To accelerate the pick-ups and deliveries, LTL and FTL can be an option to arrange transloads into/from containers at designated warehouses.

Chassis in the US

It becomes a great challenge that almost all containers are stuck somewhere on chassis, waiting for transport. That leads to the problem that empty chassis are hardly available to arrange a pick up. Chassis are fully used and become a rare commodity in the US.

US inbound freight

The ports and rail terminals infrastructure in the US is simply overwhelmed by the current import volume. Inbound containers are parked on certain spots to make room for the new vessel / train loadings. In many cases, these "parking lots" are completely overstocked and containers are buried and not available for immediate hand over. In order to arrange a pick-up, the terminal provides appointments to truckers ONLY once the container is available and customs released - which can take days and even weeks in many cases.

US outbound freight

The main challenge is to find the desperately needed container equipment as well as the chassis for the transport. Ports and rail terminals are also full of export containers and the stations are not simply accepting export loads that easily. The situation is tight and almost every shipment is experiencing severe delays.

Outlook

We estimate that the situation in the US will not improve this year. Even 2022 will continue to be challenging but the team of DACHSER is aiming to provide our clients a good service and solutions despite the challenging times in the USA.

High Priority Cargo

Currently, it is possible to achieve better transit times and shorter turnaround times at the US terminals by using LCL services for prioritized shipments instead of FCL services. DACHSER operates regular premium LCL services on both ex-Asia and Europe trade lanes. Transit times ex China, for example, are even shortened from overall 28 to 18 days. And further, new pipeline services including Atlanta and Los Angeles aim to reduce booking windows immensely. The continuing tight situation in the US ocean freight market will also require that desperately needed freight will have to be loaded more often by air. DACHSER offers regular premium capacity with its own Air Network, for example with weekly connections on the Frankfurt - Chicago route in both directions and the option of connecting to other US airports.

We are in close contact with carriers and service providers on a daily basis and do our best to make your supply chain as smooth as possible. For individual advice, please contact your local representative of DACHSER so that we can implement the best logistics solution for you.